Contribution to the knowledge of the Macrolepidoptera fauna of the Strait of Messina (Italy) (Insecta Lepidoptera)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57065/shilap.291Keywords:
Insecta, Lepidoptera, biogeographic barrier, Strait of Messina, Calabria, Sicily, ItalyAbstract
As part of the environmental monitoring activities preparatory to the construction of the bridge on the Strait of Messina, the Macrolepidoptera fauna present on the Calabrian and Sicilian sides was investigated. The monitoring was carried out on 23 Sicilian sites and 15 Calabrian sites, with the aim to better cover the environmental diversity of the two shores of the Strait. The research were conducted from 2010 to 2011, with the exception of the winter months. 10,399 specimens belonging to 355 species were collected, a quite high amount when we think of the substantial anthropization of the investigated areas and the interruption of samplings during winter months. However, only the Euplagia quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761) is of conservation interest under the “Habitat” Directive. Of the 168 species found on a single shore of the Strait (97 in Calabria and 71 in Sicily), 26 are absent from the other shore because of biogeographical reasons. 21 among all the species survived are present almost everywhere in Italy, but as of today they have never been found in Sicily, while 5 are Sicilian endemic species which have been differentiated quite recently or species which are more common in the south-western Mediterranean basin. Furthermore, Zanclognatha lunalis (Scopoli, 1763) is reported for the first time in Sicily. These data highlight the renowned importance of the Strait of Messina as a biogeographic barrier that could be weakened by the construction of a bridge.
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