Diversity and community structure of Rhopalocera in forest ecosystems along an elevational gradient from the north of Colombia´s Orinoco region (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57065/shilap.1135Keywords:
Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea, Arauca, abundance, species richness, ColombiaAbstract
Papilionoidea were sampled in forest fragments along an altitudinal gradient in the Colombian Orinoquia at 132, 300, 500, 700, and 980 meters above sea level with the aim of describing diversity and changes in community structure and relating these to floristic composition. Van Someren Rydon traps and direct captures were used to collect Papilionoidea at each site, and the floristic inventory of woody plants was conducted on 1000 m2 plots and herbaceous plants on 1 m2 plots. A total of 152 specimens of Rhopalocera corresponding to six families, 54 genera and 66 species were collected. Species richness ranged from seven to 30 species in the five fragments, and the similarity was low according to the Bray-Curtis index, which ranged from 0.76 to 1, indicating low similarity in the species composition of Papilionoidea. Differences in richness were found between altitudes and a 97.8% correlation between plant communities and Papilionoidea. Additionally, we found that Bunsius oileus (Linnaeus, 1767), Anartia amathea (Linnaeus, 1758), and A. jatrophae (Linnaeus, 1763) are associated with 132 m.a.s.l., while Rhetus dysonii (Saunders, 1850) and Actinote pellenea (Hübner, [1821]) are associated with 980 m.a.s.l. The results suggest that the Lepidoptera community structurewas more strongly influenced by plant community structure than by changes in altitude. The associations of Lepidoptera with a wide range of anthropogenic tolerance at 132 and 980 m.a.s.l. would indicate that agricultural and livestock activities have probably caused changes in forest fragments in the Colombian Orinoquia.
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