Introduction

This research was carried out as part of a larger project for a better understanding of the faunistics, zoogeography, and distribution of the Lepidoptera of southeastern Italy. The fauna of the Apulia region is of considerable interest for its paleogeographic history and its position next to the Balkan Peninsula. In this paper, we summarised the knowledge of the Macrolepidoptera Heterocera species of the “Bosco Palazzi”, an interesting area in the Apulia region in southern Italy, for the presence of Quercus trojana Webb. woodland.

The Macedonian oak Quercus trojana is native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, from southeastern Italy through the southern Balkans towards western Turkey. In Italy, the Macedonian oak, Fragno in Italian, is present only in two very limited areas, in the Apulia and Basilicata regions on limestone hills in the Murge mountains (FRANCINI-CORTI, 1967). This species grows on land with particularly thermophilic conditions, and presence in the southeastern Italy is the result of the gradual withdrawal of the species during the last ice age from a much larger territory (BOZZANO & TUROK, 2002). Protection of habitats with the Italian populations of Q. trojana is still insufficient, and we strongly suggest concrete future actions by the local administration for the conservation of the species.

Due to the research on Lepidoptera carried out in Apulia by the second author in the last three decades, the knowledge of Heterocera has increased significantly (PARENZAN, 1994, 1995, 2002; PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996; PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007; PARENZAN et al., 2006), even though many aspects are certainly yet to be discovered.

Materials and methods

Samplings were carried out in the Apulia region (southern Italy), in a Quercus trojana woodland, the Bosco Palazzi, in the municipality of Putignano, in Bari province, 380 m a.s.l.

The list of species is based on material collected in the years 1985-1987, historical bibliographic data and data inedits.

Moths were collected at mercury light traps (160 W), positioned approximately 1.50 m above the ground. The data have been compared with available published records of regional presence. The bibliographic data on the moths included in this study are those referring to the site called “Bosco Petruzzi”, adjacent to “Bosco Palazzi”. Species were identified based on the morphology of adults and when necessary on an examination of the genitalia. Reported specimens are stored in the author’s collection. In each species the number of specimens collected/observed is reported in brackets. The presence/absence in the different months of the year, bibliographic sources for the Italian distributions, and the occurrence in Apulia are included for the most interesting species. The treatment of families and nomenclature follow van NIEUKERKEN et al. (2011), that of the Noctuoidea follow ZAHIRI et al. (2011, 2012); the species are listed in alphabetical order (KARSHOLT & NIEUKERKEN, 2013).

Results

List of species

Clade Macroheterocera Chapman, 1893

Superfamily Cossoidea Mosher, 1916

Family Cossidae Leach, 1815

Subfamily Cossinae Leach, 1815

Cossus cossus (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 11-14-VII-1986 (2).

Parahypopta caestrum (Hübner, 1808

New records: 17-21-IX-1985 (1); 6-10-VI-1986 (4), 16-22-VI-1986 (3), 13-16-IX-1986 (1); 21­22-VI-1987 (1), 3-7-VII-1987 (4), 12-16-VII-1987 (3), 17-19-VII-1987 (1), 20-22-VII-1987 (1).

Subfamily Zeuzerinae Boisduval, 1828

Zeuzera pyrina (Linnaeus, 1761)

New records: 14-15-VI-1985 (1), 2-4-VII-1985 (1), 19-21-VII-1985 (1), 26-29-VII-1985 (1), 10­12-VIII-1985 (4), 13-15-VIII-1985 (1); 16-22-VI-1986 (1), 23-27-VI-1986 (2), 11-14-VII-1986 (1), 28­VI-2-VII-1986 (2); 3-4-VI-1987 (3), 12-16-VII-1987 (8), 17-19-VII-1987 (1).

Superfamily Drepanoidea Boisduval, 1828

Family Drepanidae Boisduval, 1828

Subfamily Drepaninae Boisduval, 1828

Cilix glaucata (Scopoli, 1763)

New records: 2-4-VII-1985 (2), 19-21-VII-1985 (1), 13-16-IX-1985 (1); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (1), 6­10-VI-1986 (5),

Watsonalla uncinula (Borkhausen, 1790)

New records: 11-14-VII-1986 (3).

Subfamily Thyatirinae Smith, 1893

Cymatophorina diluta (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

IX-X-1985; IX-X-1986 (Parenzan, 1995).

Remark: in Apulia region known only from Quasano, and Bosco Palazzi (Bari province) (PARENZAN, 1995).

Polyploca ridens (Fabricius, 1787)

New records: 24-31-III-1986 (1), 10-IV-1986 (2).

Superfamily Lasiocampoidea Harris, 1841

Family Lasiocampidae Harris, 1841

Subfamily Pinarinae Kirby, 1892

Tribe Pinarini Kirby, 1892

Pachypasa otus (Drury, 1773)

22-24-VII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Tribe Gastropachini Neumoegen & Dyar,1893

Gastropacha quercifolia (Linnaeus, 1758).

New records: 16-22-VI-1986 (2), 11-14-VII-1986 (4).

Subfamily Lasiocampinae Harris, 1841

Lasiocampa quercus (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 3-6-IX-1985 (3), 10-12-IX-1985 (1); 8-12-IX-1986 (1).

Lasiocampa trifolii (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 7-9-IX-1985 (2), 10-12-IX-1985 (1), 13-16-IX-1985 (2), 17-21-IX-1985 (1); 8-12-IX-1986 (1), 13-16-IX-1986 (2), 20-24-IX-1986 (3).

Subfamily Malacosomatinae Aurivillius, 1927

Malacosoma neustria (Linnaeus, 1758)

5-7-VII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 12-13-VI-1985 (83), 18-20-VI-1985 (85), 26-28-VI-1985 (24), 2-4-VII-1985 (2); 6-10-VI-1986 (87), 11-15-VI-1986 (33), 16-22-VI-1986 (96), 23-27-VI-1986 (33), 28-VI-2-VII-1986 (5),23-25-IX-1986 (25); 1-10-VI-1987 (19), 22-25-VI-1987 (145), 3-7-VII-1987 (78), 12-16-VII-1987 (3),17-19-VII-1987 (2).

Subfamily Poecilocampinae Tutt, 1902

Poecilocampa alpina (Frey & Wullschlegel, 1874)

17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 24-30-XI-1985 (4); 3-11-I-1986 (2), 20-25-I-1986 (2), 27-I-2-II-1986 (1).

Trichiura crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758)

8-18-X-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Superfamily Zygaenoidea Latreille, 1809

Family Limacodidae Duponchel, 1845

Subfamily Limacodinae Duponchel, 1845

Apoda limacodes (Hufnagel, 1766)

New records: 22-23-V-1985 (2), 3-4-VI-1985 (3); 6-10-VI-1986 (2), 11-22-VI-1986 (2).

Superfamily Bombycoidea Latreille, 1802

Family Saturniidae Boisduval, 1837

Subfamily Saturniinae Boisduval, 1837

Saturnia pavoniella (Scopoli, 1763)

3-IV-1989 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Saturnia pyri (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 20-21-V-1985 (1); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (2); 24-30-V-1987 (2).

Family Sphingidae Latreille, 1802

Subfamily Sphinginae Latreille, 1802

Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 10-11-VI-1985 (1); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (6).

Subfamily Macroglossinae Harris, 1839

Tribe Macroglossini Harris, 1839

Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 28-VI-02-VII-1986 (5).

Hemaris fuciformis (Linnaeus, 1758)

11-V-1983 (PARENZAN et al., 2006).Remarks: this is the only locality known for the Apulia region. In Italy it is present in the centralnorthernregions, and in Calabria, Sicily and Sardinia.

Subfamily Smerinthinae Grote & Robinson, 1865

Laothoe populi (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 16-17-V-1985 (1), 19-21-VII-1985 (3).

Marumba quercus (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

5-7-VII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 27-29-V-1985 (2), 10-13-VI-1985 (4), 14-17-VI-1985 (5), 21-22-VI-1985 (1), 26-28-VI-1985 (4); 6-10-VI-1986 (1), 16-22-VI-1986 (2), 23-27-VI-1986 (1), 28-VI-02-VII-1986 (1), 23-25-IX-1986 (2); 03-07-VII-1987 (2), 12-16-VII-1987 (1).

Family Brahmaeidae Swinhoe, 1892

Lemonia taraxaci (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

3-13-X-1985; 30-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 25-28-IX-1987 (3).

Superfamily Geometroidea Leach, 1815

Family Geometridae Leach, 1815

Subfamily Alsophilinae Herbulot, 1962

Alsophila aescularia (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 16-22-II-1986 (3).Remark: second place of Apulia, known only from Parco delle Pianelle (province of Taranto)(PARENZAN, 1994).

Subfamily Ennominae Duponchel, 1845

Tribe Aspitatini Duponchel, 1845

Aspitates ochrearia (Rossi, 1794)

New records: 22-25-VIII-1986 (1), 20-24-IX-1986 (2); 24-30-V-1987 (1).

Tribe Bistonini Pierce, 1914

Agriopis bajaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

12-18-I-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Agriopis marginaria (Fabricius, 1777)

II-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Apocheima hispidaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 16-22-II-1986 (3).

Apochima flabellaria (Heeger, 1833)

8-XII-1985- I-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 21-XI-4-XII-1985 (2); 27-I-2-II-1986 (1).

Biston strataria (Hufnagel, 1767)

III-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Erannis defoliaria (Clerck, 1759)

15-29-XII-1985 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Lycia florentina (Stefanelli, 1882)

New records: 16-22-II-1986 (2).

Tribe Boarmiini Duponchel, 1845

Ascotis selenaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

III-IX (PARENZAN, 1994).

Menophra japygiaria (Costa O.G., 1849)

IV-1986, 6-10, 14-20-XI-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Peribatodes rhomboidaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

IV-1986, V-1986; X-1987 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 26-29-VII-1985 (2); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (6).

Peribatodes umbraria (Hübner, 1809)

V-1985 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 12-13-V-1985 (2); 25-28-IX-1987 (3).

Tribe Campaeini Herbulot, 1963

Campaea honoraria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 20-21-V-1985 (1); 8-12-IX-1986 (3), 20-24-IX-1986 (1); 3-4-VI-1987 (1), 25-28-IX-1987 (7).

Tribe Ennomini Guenee, 1845

Ennomos quercaria (Hübner, 1813)

VII-1985; VI-1986, IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994; FLAMIGNI et al., 2007).

New records: 26-28-VI-1985 (4), 2-4-VII-1985 (2), 19-21-VII-1985 (1), 6-9-VIII-1985 (1); 11-15-VI-1986 (1), 26-IX-1986 (2); 22-25-VI-1987 (1), 3-7-VII-1987 (9), 20-22-VII-1987 (2).

Tribe Epionini Bruand, 1846

Opisthograptis luteolata (Linnaeus, 1758)

V-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 12-13-V-1985 (2), 16-17-V-1985 (1), 3-6-IX-1985 (5), 17-21-IX-1985 (2); 17-19-IX-1986 (1); 24-30-V-1987 (3).

Tribe Gnophini Guenee, 1845

Gnophos sartata Treitschke, 1827

IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 12-13-VI-1985 (3).

Tribe Gonodontini Forbes, 1948

Crocallis elinguaria (Linnaeus, 1758)

X-1987 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Crocallis tusciaria (Borkhausen, 1793)

VI-1986, X-1986, 14-20-XI-1986; X-1987 (PARENZAN, 1984; FLAMIGNI et al., 2007).

New records: 21-XI-4-XII-1986 (2).

Colotois pennaria (Linnaeus, 1761)

X-1986, XII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 13-XI-1985 (2), 7-XII-1985 (1); 21-XI-1986 (3), 4-XII-1986 (1).

Tribe Macariini Guenée, 1858

Enconista spodiaria (Lefèbvre 1832)

X-1987 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 30-IV-2-V-1985 (3), 16-17-V-1985 (1).

Heliomata glarearia (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

VIII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Rhoptria asperaria (Hübner, 1817)

VI-1985, VII-1985; IV-1986, VIII-1986, IX-1986; X-1987 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 5-7-VII-1986 (1), 22-24-VII-1986 (4).

Subfamily Geometrinae Stephens, 1829

Tribe Comostolini Inoue, 1961

Eucrostes indigenata (de Villers, 1789)

VIII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 20-22-VII-1987 (3).

Tribe Pseudoterpnini Warren, 1893

Pseudoterpna coronillaria (Hübner, 1817)

IV-1986, IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 16-17-V-1985 (1), 19-21-VII-1985 (2), 26-29-VII-1985 (1), 3-5-VIII-1985 (2); 11-14-VII-1986 (1), 22-24-VII-1986 (1), 7-VIII-1986 (1), 13-IX-1986 (4), 20-24-IX-1986 (1); 24-30-V-1987 (2).

Tribe Thalerini Herbulot, 1963

Thalera fimbrialis (Scopoli, 1763)

New records: 28-VI-2-VII-1986 (3).

Subfamily Larentiinae Duponchel, 1845

Tribe Cidariini Duponchel, 1845

Coenotephria ablutaria (Boisduval,1840)

IX-X-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Coenotephria salicata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

III-V-VIII-IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: IV-1986 (3); X-1987 (1), XI-1987 (4).

Tribe Eupitheciini Pierce, 1914

Eupithecia abbreviata Stephens,1831

10-IV-1986 (HAUSMANN & PARENZAN, 1990; PARENZAN, 1994).

Remark: in Apulia region known only from this locality.

Eupithecia insigniata (Hübner, 1790)

26-IV-1989 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Tribe Larentiini Duponchel, 1845

Earophila badiata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

8-VIII-1986 (PARENZAN et al., 1998).

Larentia clavaria (Haworth, 1809)

17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Tribe Xanthorhoini Pierce, 1914

Camptogramma bilineata (Linnaeus 1758)

New records: 29-31-VII-1986 (1); 20-22-VII-1987 (5).

Nycterosea obstipata (Fabricius, 1794)

X-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Xanthorhoe oxybiata (Millière, 1872)

11-17-X-1987 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Xanthorhoe vidanoi Parenzan & Hausmann, 1994

X-1987 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Remark: in Apulia region known only from this locality.

Subfamily Sterrhinae Meyrick, 1892

Tribe Cosymbiini Prout, 1911

Cyclophora porata (Linnaeus, 1767)

IV-1986, 30-VI-1986, IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 12-13-VI-1985 (1), 2-4-VII-1985 (2); 16-22-VI-1986 (2), 23-27-VI-1986 (3), 28-VI-2-VII-1986 (1); 1-10-VI-1987 (1), 3-7-VII-1987 (2), 8-11-VII-1987 (3), 12-16-VII-1987 (2), 17-19-VII-1987 (2).

Cyclophora puppillaria (Hübner, 1799)

IV-1986, VII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 12-13-V-1985 (1), 16-17-VI-1985 (2), 21-22-VI-1985 (4), 26-28-VI-1985 (19),2-4-VII-1985 (7), 19-21-VII-1985 (6), 6-9-VIII-1985 (1); 4-5-VII-1986 (1), 11-14-VII-1986 (2),22-24-VII-1986 (3), 13-16-IX-1986 (1), 23-25-IX-1986 (4); 24-30-V-1987 (1), 1-10-VI-1987 (3),22-25-VI-1987 (1), 3-7-VII-1987 (7), 8-11-VII-1987 (22), 12-16-VII-1987 (2), 20-22-VII-1987 (3),25-28-IX-1987 (2).

Cyclophora quercimontaria (Bastelberger, 1897)

New records: 23-27-VI-1986 (10); 3-7-VII-1987 (2).

Remark: this is the first record for Apulia region, and southern Italy.

Cyclophora suppunctaria (Zeller, 1847)

VII-1986, VIII-1986, IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Tribe Idaeini Butler, 1881

Idaea consolidata (Lederer, 1853)

3-6-VIII-1986 (PARENZAN & HAUSMANN, 1992; PARENZAN, 1994)

Remark: in Apulia region known from Bosco Palazzi, and Serra degli Angeli (Lecce province)(PARENZAN & HAUSMANN, 1992). In southern Italy known only for another record in Calabriaregion: Tortora (PARENZAN et al., 1999)

Idaea degeneraria (Hübner, 1799)

IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Idaea distinctaria (Boisduval, 1840)

IV-VIII (PARENZAN, 1994).

Idaea elongaria (Rambur, 1833)

VII-1986, VIII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Idaea filicata (Hübner, 1799)

VIII-1986, IX-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 20-23-V-1985 (16), 21-22-VI-1985 (1), 3-5-VIII-1985 (1), 10-12-VIII-1985 (3), 26-30-VIII-1985 (19), 3-6-IX-1985 (1), 13-16-IX-1985 (9), 22-25-IX-1985 (11); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (11), 5-7-VII-1986 (1), 29-31-VII-1986 (1), 22-25-VIII-1986 (78), 8-12-IX-1986 (25), 13-16-IX-1986 (3), 20-24-IX-1986 (5); 24-30-V-1987 (56), 3-4-VI-1987 (1), 25-28-IX-1987 (5).

Idaea infirmaria (Rambur, 1833)

3-6-VIII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Idaea obsoletaria dionigii Hausmann, 1991

VII-1986, VIII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Idaea rusticata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

VIII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 26-28-VI-1985 (1), 19-21-VII-1985 (5); 23-27-VI-1986 (6), 28-VI-2-VII-1986 (1),11-14-VII-1986 (3), 29-31-VII-1986 (3); 8-11-VII-1987 (2), 17-19-VII-1987 (2), 25-28-IX-1987 (5).

Idaea seriata (Schrank, 1802)

18-IV-1987 (as I. albitorquata Püngeler, 1909) (PARENZAN, 1988; PARENZAN &HAUSMANN, 1992), VIII-1986, 2-X-1991 (as I. virgularia Hübner, 1799) (PARENZAN, 1994).Records of I. albitorquata in PARENZAN (1988) must be attributed to I. seriata (PARENZAN &HAUSMANN, 1992).

Idaea subsericeata (Haworth, 1809)

5-7-VII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Idaea typicata (Guenée, 1858)

VII-1986, VIII-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 5-7-VII-1996 (2).

Tribe Rhodometrini Agenjo, 1951

Rhodometra sacraria (Linnaeus, 1767)

X-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 2-4-VII-1985 (1), 6-9-VIII-1985 (7), 10-12-VIII-1985 (1), 26-30-VIII-1985 (4), 3-6-IX-1985 (3), 17-21-IX-1985 (1), 26-IX-1985 (1); 29-31-VII-1986 (4), 13-16-IX-1986 (7), 13-19-X-1986 (1); 8-11-VII-1987 (1), 25-28-IX-1987 (3).

Tribe Scopulini Herbulot, 1963

Scopula decorata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 2-4-VII-1985 (2).

Scopula imitaria (Hübner, 1799)

VIII-1993, IX-1993 (PARENZAN, 1994).

Scopula marginepunctata (Goeze, 1781)

VII-1986, IX-1986, X-1986 (PARENZAN, 1994).

New records: 5-7-VII-1996 (4).

Superfamily Noctuoidea Latreille, 1809

Family Notodontidae Stephens, 1829

Subfamily Heterocampinae Neumögen & Dyar, 1894

Harpyia milhauseri (Fabricius, 1775)

New records: 11-14-VII-1986 (3).

Spatalia argentina (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 13-15-VIII-1985 (1); 28-VI-2-VII-1986 (1).

Subfamily Notodontinae Stephens, 1829

Cerura vinula (Linnaeus, 1758)

11-V-1984 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Subfamily Phalerinae Butler, 1886

Peridea anceps (Goeze, 1781)

New records: 26-29-VII-1985 (2); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (3).

Phalera bucephaloides (Ochsenheimer, 1810)

New records: 3-7-VII-1987 (5).

Family Nolidae Bruand, 1846

Subfamily Chloephorinae Stainton, 1859

Tribe Nolini Bruand, 1846

Meganola togatulalis (Hübner, 1796)

New records: 11-14-VII-1986 (6).

Tribe Chloephorini Stainton, 1859

Bena bicolorana (Fuessly, 1775)

New records: 22-25-VIII-1986 (2).

Pseudoips prasinana (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 22-25-VIII-1986 (2).

Family Euteliidae Grote, 1882

Subfamily Euteliinae Grote, 1882

Eutelia adulatrix (Hübner, 1813)

New records: 3-5-VIII-1985 (2).

Family Noctuidae Latreille, 1809

Subfamily Eustrotiinae Grote, 1882

Metachrostis velox (Hübner, 1813)

New records: 11-14-VII-1986 (1), 8-12-IX-1986 (3).

Subfamily Plusiinae Boisduval, 1828

Tribe Argyrogrammatini Eichlin & Cunningham, 1978

Trichoplusia ni (Hübner, 1803)

New records: 3-7-VII-1987 (3), 12-16-VII-1987 (5).

Diachrysia chrysitis (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 13-16-IX-1986 (3).

Tribe Plusiini Boisduval, 1828

Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758)

8-13-X-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

New records: 26-30-VIII-1985 (9), 3-6-IX-1985 (14); 31-VIII-2-IX-1986 (3), 13-16-IX-1986 (1),20-24-IX-1986 (2); 24-30-V-1987 (2), 25-28-IX-1987 (7).

Subfamily Acontiinae Guenée, 1841

Tribe Acontiini Guenée, 1841

Acontia lucida (Hufnagel, 1766)

New records: 20-22-VII-1987 (2).

Acontia trabealis (Scopoli, 1763)

5-7-VII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

New records: 18-20-VI-1985 (1), 26-28-VI-1985 (11), 2-4-VII-1985 (2), 19-21-VII-1985 (2), 13-15-VIII-1985 (2), 17-21-IX-1985 (1); 23-27-VI-1986 (1), 22-25-VIII-1986 (2); 8-11-VII-1987 (5), 12-16-VII-1987 (3), 17-19-VII-1987 (10), 20-22-VII-1987 (5).

Subfamily Acronictinae Heinemann, 1959

Acronicta aceris (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 20-21-V-1985 (10); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (1); 24-30-V-1987 (7).

Subfamily Metaponiinae Herrich-Schäffer, 1851

Tyta luctuosa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

5-7-VII-1986, 22-24-VII-1986, 17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 27-29-V-1985 (1), 12-15-VI-1985 (4), 16-20-VI-1985 (3), 21-22-VI-1985 (1), 2-4-VII-1985 (2), 19-21-VII-1985 (2), 26-29-VII-1985 (3), 26-30-VIII-1985 (1), 3-6-IX-1985 (1), 7-9-IX-1985 (1), 17-21-IX-1985 (1); 16-22-VI-1986 (1), 23-27-VI-1986 (10), 28-VI-2-VII-1986 (4), 22-25-VIII-1986 (3), 8-12-IX-1986 (5), 13-16-IX-1986 (2), 23-25-IX-1986 (3); 24-30-V-1987 (2), 1-10-VI-1987 (2), 26-28-VI-1987 (2), 3-7-VII-1987 (2), 8-11-VII-1987 (6), 12-16-VII-1987 (5), 17-21-VII-1987 (7).

Subfamily Amphipyrinae Guenée, 1837

Tribe Psaphidini Grote, 1896

Allophyes corsica (Spuler, 1905)

28-X-1985, 30-XI-1985; 15-XI-22-XII-1987; 21-XI-1996, 4-XII-1996 (PARENZAN &PORCELLI, 2007).

Valeria oleagina (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 14-15-III-1987 (1).

Subfamily Heliothinae Boisduval, 1829

Tribe Heliothini Boisduval, 1829

Heliothis peltigera (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 27-IV-1986 (2), 23-27-VI-1986 (3); 13-16-IX-1987 (2).

Subfamily Bryophilinae Guenée, 1852

Bryophila rectilinea (Warren, 1909)

5-7-VII-1996 (as Cryphia ravula Hübner, 1813) (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).Remarks: the records of C. ravula for central and southern Italy must be attributed to B. rectilinea(FIBIGER et al., 2009). This is the only locality known for the Apulia region. In Italy it is present inthe central-northern regions, and in Calabria, Sicily, and Sardinia (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Cryphia ochsi (Boursin, 1940)

5-7-VII-1986, 22-24-VII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Nyctobrya muralis (Forster, 1771)

22-24-VII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 3-5-VIII-1985 (3), 6-9-VIII-1985 (7), 13-15-VIII-1985 (1); 29-31-VII-1986 (3), 22-25-VIII-1986 (3); 20-22-VII-1987 (1).

Subfamily Noctuinae Latreille, 1809

Tribe Apameini Boisduval, 1828

Apamea monoglypha (Hufnagel, 1766)

New records: 12-13-V-1985 (4); 22-25-VIII-1986 (3).

Gortyna xanthenes (Germar, 1842)

19-23-X-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Luperina dumerilii (Duponchel, 1826)

3-23-X-1985; 17-19-IX-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 13-16-IX-1986 (6).

Luperina tiberina (Sohn-Rethel, 1929)

8-13-X-1985 (as L. nickerlii Freyer, 1845) (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).Remark: the reports of L. nickerlii for central and southern Italy are to be attributed to L. tiberinaSohn-Rethel, 1929 (ZILLI et al., 2005).

Luperina testacea (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN et al., 2006).Remark: in Apulia region known only from this locality.

Tribe Caradrinini Boisduval, 1840

Athetis hospes (Freyer, 1831)

2-6-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Caradrina aspersa Rambur, 1834

New records: 29-31-VII-1986 (2).

Caradrina germainii (Duponchel, 1835)

25-IX-1984 (PARENZAN, 1984).New records: 12-25-IX-1985 (3), 3-7-X-1985 (1).Remarks: species from western Mediterranean; in Italy known only for Tuscany, Apulia, Sicily,and Sardinia regions (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2008).

Charanyca trigrammica (Hufnagel, 1766)

New records: 30-IV-2-V-1985 (10), 12-13-V-1985 (4), 16-17-V-1985 (10), 20-21-V-1985 (1), 7-9-IX-1985 (1); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (9); 24-30-V-1987 (12).

Hoplodrina ambigua (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

30-IX-31-X-1985; 17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Tribe Dypterygiini Forbes, 1954

Polyphaenis sericata (Esper, 1787)

5-7-VII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 21-22-VI-1985 (2), 26-28-VI-1985 (4), 2-4-VII-1985 (2); 6-10-VI-1986 (1), 16-22-VI-1986 (5), 23-27-VI-1986 (3), 23-25-IX-1986 (2); 1-10-VI-1987 (49), 3-7-VII-1987 (7), 12-16-VII-1987 (5), 17-19-VII-1987 (5), 20-22-VII-1987 (2).

Tribe Episemini Guenée, 1852

Cleoceris scoriacea (Esper, 1789)

30-IX-13-X-1984 (PARENZAN, 1984; PARENZAN, 1991).Remark: in Apulia region known only from this locality.

Episema glaucina (Esper, 1789)

3-28-X-1985; 11-17-X-1987 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Tribe Hadenini Guenée, 1837

Anarta trifolii (Hufnagel, 1766)

11-17-X-1987 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Conisania luteago (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 30-IV-2-V-1985 (1), 12-13-V-1985 (5), 16-17-V-1985 (9), 20-21-V-1985 (5); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (28); 24-30-V-1987 (23).

Hadena bicruris (Hufnagel, 1766)

25-IV-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Hadena confusa (Hufnagel, 1766)

New records: 27-IV-2-V-1986 (3), 30-IX-5-X-1986 (7), 13-19-X-1986 (13).

Hadena magnolii (Boisduval, 1828)

New records: 30-IV-2-V-1985 (1), 12-13-V-1985 (1), 20-21-V-1985 (2); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (4); 24-30-V-1987 (1).

Tribe Leucaniini Guenée, 1837

Leucania punctosa (Treitschke, 1825)

8-13-X-1985 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).

Leucania putrescens (Hübner, 1824)

17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 6-9-VIII-1985 (1), 10-12-VIII-1985 (3), 13-15-VIII-1985 (2), 26-30-VIII-1985 (12),3-6-IX-1985 (5), 10-15-IX-1985 (6); 22-25-VIII-1986 (12), 31-VIII-2-IX-1986 (3), 8-12-IX-1986 (9),13-16-IX-1986 (3), 20-24-IX-1986 (8); 25-28-IX-1987 (3).

Mythimna albipuncta (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

8-7-VII-1986, 17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 12-13-V-1985 (1), 20-21-V-1985 (1), 16-17-VI-1985 (2), 26-28-VI-1985 (4); 8-12-IX-1986 (1); 23-25-IX-1986 (5); 1-10-VI-1987 (2), 8-11-VII-1987 (2), 17-19-VII-1987 (1).

Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787)

22-24-VII, 17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 19-21-VII-1985 (3), 26-29-VII-1985 (2), 3-5-VIII-1985 (3), 6-9-VIII-1985 (8), 10-15-VIII-1985 (11), 26-30-VIII-1985 (1), 3-6-IX-1985 (11), 7-9-IX-1985 (3); 29-31-VII-1986 (8), 22-25-VIII-1986 (3), 8-12-IX-1986 (3), 13-16-IX-1986 (8), 13-19-X-1986 (11); 3-7-VII-1987 (4), 8-11-VII-1987 (2), 12-16-VII-1987 (1).

Mythimna l-album (Linnaeus, 1767)

23-IV-1985; 17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 22-23-V-1985 (2); 30-31-V-1985 (1), 26-28-VI-1985 (1), 2-4-VII-1985 (1), 19-21-VII-1985 (1); 22-25-VIII-1986 (2), 13-16-IX-1986 (2), 23-25-IX-1986 (2); 12-16-VII-1987 (3).

Mythimna sicula (Treitschke, 1835)

New records: 23-IV-1985 (3), 26-28-VI-1985 (7), 8-13-X-1985 (2); 23-27-VI-1986 (3), 11-14-VII-1986 (1), 22-25-VIII-1986 (4), 13-16-IX-1986 (3); 24-30-V-1987 (3).

Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth, 1809)

24-31-X-1985; 21-XI-4-XII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 18-20-VI-1985 (1); 3-7-VII-1987 (1), 17-19-VII-1987 (1).

Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, 1808)

New records: 30-IV-2-V-1985 (1), 12-13-V-1985 (3), 16-17-V-1985 (5), 20-23-V-1985 (15), 27-29-V-1985 (2), 30-31-V-1985 (4), 3-4-VI-1985 (1), 14-15-VI-1985 (2), 3-5-VIII-1985 (7), 6-9-VIII-1985 (9), 10-15-VIII-1985 (7), 26-30-VIII-1985 (1), 3-9-IX-1985 (4); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (2), 22-25-VIII-1986 (2); 24-30-V-1987 (15), 29-31-VII-1987 (9).

Tribe Noctuini Latreille, 1809

Agrotis bigramma (Esper, 1790)

22-VIII-1985 (sub A. crassa Hübner, 1803) (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 3-5-VIII-1985 (1), 10-15-VIII-1985 (22), 26-30-VIII-1985 (15), 3-6-IX-1985 (36),7-9-IX-1985 (27), 10-12-IX-1985 (11), 17-21-IX-1985 (3); 22-25-VIII-1986 (20), 31-VIII-2-IX-1986(6), 8-12-IX-1986 (18), 13-16-IX-1986 (1); 25-28-IX-1987 (2).

Agrotis lata Treitschke, 1835

20-22-VIII-1985 (PARENZAN, 2002).New records: 6-9-VIII-1985 (2), 10-12-VIII-1985 (1), 3-6-IX-1985 (6), 13-15-VIII-1985 (7), 26-30-VIII-1985 (15); 22-25-VIII-1986 (1).

Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766)

New records: 18-20-VI-1985 (2), 6-9-VIII-1985 (2), 26-30-VIII-1985 (2), 3-6-IX-1985 (18), 7-9-IX-1985 (1), 17-21-IX-1985 (1); 6-10-VI-1986 (2), 22-25-VIII-1986 (1), 20-24-IX-1986 (1); 1-10-VI-1987 (1).

Agrotis puta (Hübner, 1803)

21-23-IV-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 21-23-IV-1985 (7), 19-21-VII-1985 (4).

Agrotis segetum (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 3-5-VIII-1985 (3).

Cerastis faceta (Treitschke, 1835)

New records: 13-19-X-1986 (3).

Cerastis rubricosa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 24-31-III-1986 (2).

Epilecta linogrisea (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 19-21-VII-1985 (2).

Euxoa temera (Hübner, 1808)

18-IX-1985, 8-13-X-1985; 17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Noctua comes (Hübner, 1813)

14-18-X-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 6-10-VI-1985 (5); 20-24-IX-1986 (4), 23-25-IX-1986 (7).

Noctua janthina (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 26-28-VI-1985 (3), 19-21-VII-1985 (1); 6-9-VIII-1987 (1).

Noctua pronuba (Linnaeus, 1758)

30-IX-23-XI-1985; 17-19-IX-1986; VI-1976; 4-VI-1992; 18-24-IX-1992; 16-VI-1999(PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 14-15-VI-1985 (1), 7-12-IX-1985 (4), 17-21-IX-1985 (5), 22-25-IX-1985 (4); 6-10-VI-1986 (2), 8-12-IX-1986 (1), 13-16-IX-1986 (2), 25-29-IX-1986 (3), 13-19-X-1986 (5); 24-30-V-1987 (1), 25-28-IX-1987 (1), 9-14-XI-1987 (1).

Noctua tirrenica Biebinger, Speidel & Hanigk, 1983

28-VI, 25-IX-1984 (PARENZAN, 1984; ZILLI, 2007); 30-IX-3-X-1985 (PARENZAN &PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 3-7-VII-1987 (2).

Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808)

New records: 2-4-VII-1985 (3); 13-16-IX-1986 (2); 9-14-XI-1987 (2).

Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 3-6-IX-1985 (3).

Xestia castanea (Esper, 1798)

3-18-X-1985; 30-IX-23-X (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996; ZILLI, 2007).

Xestia xanthographa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

21-IX-31-X-1985; 17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Tribe Orthosiini Guenée, 1837

Egira conspicillaris (Linnaeus, 1758)

21-23-IV-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Orthosia cruda (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 24-31-III-1986 (2), 10-IV-1986 (3).

Orthosia gothica (Linnaeus, 1766)

New records: 16-22-II-1986 (5).

Orthosia miniosa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

24-31-III-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 11-15-VI-1986 (1).

Orthosia cerasi (Fabricius, 1775)

New records: 26-IX-1986 (8).

Perigrapha rorida (Frivaldszky, 1835)

20-III-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Tribe Phlogophorini Hampson, 1918

Phlogophora meticulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

28-31-X-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 27-29-V-1985 (1), 13-16-IX-1985 (3).

Tribe: Prodeniini Forbes, 1954

Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, 1808)

New records: 24-31-III-1986 (1), 22-24-VII-1986 (2); 20-X-1987 (3).

Tribe Xylenini Guenée, 1837

Agrochola helvola (Linnaeus, 1758)

14-X-23-XI-1985; 21-XI-4-XII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Agrochola litura (Linnaeus, 1761)

27-X-1985 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO 1996).New records: 20-X-1987 (2).Remark: in Apulia region known only of this locality.

Agrochola lychnidis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

3-X-1985; 3-I-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 20-25-I-1986 (7), 27-I-2-II-1986 (5), 9-15-II-1986 (20), 16-22-II-1986 (12); 9-14-XI-1987 (226).

Agrochola pistacinoides (d’Aubuisson, 1867)

17-IX-1984 (PARENZAN, 1984; PARENZAN, 1991).New records: 30-IX-1985 (8), 31-X-1985 (6).Remark: in Apulia region known only of this locality.

Ammoconia senex (Geyer, 1828)

New records: 11-17-X-1987 (2), 9-14-XI-1987 (1).

Aporophyla australis (Boisduval, 1829)

8-X-16-XI-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Aporophyla canescens (Duponchel, 1826)

24-X-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Aporophyla lutulenta (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 13-19-X-1986 (1).Remark: in Apulia known only from San Paolo (Taranto province), 1-X, 4-XI (PARENZAN,1979; BERIO, 1985).

Aporophyla nigra (Haworth, 1809)

8-X-16-XI-1985; 21-XI-4-XII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Atethmia ambusta (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

17-21-IX-1985, 25-IX-1985, 3-7-X-1985 (PARENZAN, 2002).New records: 8-12-IX-1986 (2).Remarks: this species in Apulia is known only from San Paolo, 18-IX-1971 (PARENZAN, 1979).In southern Italy it is present only in Apulia, and Basilicata: fiume Camastra (Potenza province)(PARENZAN, 1979).

Conistra ligula (Esper, 1791)

24-30-XI-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 1993).Remark: this is the only locality known for the Apulia region.

Conistra rubiginea (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

15-22-XII-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Conistra rubiginosa (Scopoli, 1763)

New records: 9-15-II-1986 (1), 11-14-III-1986 (2).

Conistra vaccinii (Linnaeus, 1761)

9-15-III-1985 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).Remark: in Apulia known only from this locality.

Conistra veronicae (Hübner, 1813)

17-30-XI-1985; 5-11-I-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Dicycla oo (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 30-31-V-1985 (4), 10-13-VI-1985 (18), 14-17-VI-1985 (13), 18-20-VI-1985 (3), 21-22-VI-1985 (2); 6-10-VI-1986 (38), 11-15-VI-1986 (8), 16-22-VI-1986 (11), 23-27-VI-1986 (3), 23-25-IX-1986 (1); 1-4-VI-1987 (4), 22-25-VI-1987 (24), 3-7-VII-1987 (7).

Dryobotodes carbonis (Wagner, 1931)

8-X-16-XI-1985; 30-IX-23-X-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Dryobotodes servadeii Parenzan, 1982

17-25-IX-1984 (PARENZAN, 1984); 8-13-XI-1985 (RONKAY et al., 2001).New records: 7-IX-18-X-1985 (2).Remark: in Italy only known from Apulia and Basilicata; its presence for Sardinia is to be verified(PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Dryobotodes tenebrosa (Esper, 1789)

3-6-XI-1985 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).

Jodia croceago (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

28-31-X-1985; 15-25-XI-1987 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Mesogona acetosellae (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

18-IX-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Mniotype solieri (Boisduval, 1840)

22-IX-31-X-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 3-6-IX-1985 (1); 25-28-IX-1987 (5).

Oria musculosa (Hübner, 1808)

New records: 16-22-VI-1986 (1), 13-19-X-1986 (2).

Polymixis rufocincta (Geyer, 1828)

28-X-16-XI-1985; 21-XI-4-XII-1986; 15-XI-14-XII-1987 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 28-X-16-XI-1985 (2); 21-XI-4-XII-1986 (7); 15-XI-14-XII-1987 (2).

Polymixis serpentina (Treitschke, 1825)

30-IX-23-XI-1985 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).New records: 11-17-X-1987 (2).

Scotochrosta pulla (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)30-IX-23-X-1985 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).

Spudaea ruticilla (Esper, 1791)

New records: 23-IV-1985 (2), 7-XII-1985 (3); 16-22-II-1986 (6).

Trigonophora flammea (Esper, 1785)

24-X-4-XII-1985 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 27-29-V-1985 (7), 13-XI-1985 (1), 7-XII-1985 (4).

Xylena exsoleta (Linnaeus, 1758)

3-6-XI-1985 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).

Subfamily Dilobinae Aurivillius, 1889

Diloba caeruleocephala (Linnaeus, 1758)

8-14-XII-1985; 5-11-I-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Subfamily Oncocnemidinae Forbes & Franclemont, 1954

Stilbia faillae Püngeler, 1891

30-IX-23-X-1985; 18-22-X-1987 (PARENZAN & SCALERCIO, 1996).Remark: in Apulia is known only from Monte Camplo (province of Taranto) (PARENZAN, 1979).

Family Erebidae Leach, 1815

Subfamily Rivulinae Grote, 1895

Zebeeba falsalis (Herrich-Schäffer 1838)

New records: 6-9-VIII-1985 (1); 11-14-VII-1986 (2), 13-16-IX-1986 (7).

Subfamily Hypeninae Herrich-Schaffer, 1851

Hypena lividalis (Hübner, 1796)

19-23-X-1985; 2-X-1991 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 8-12-IX-1986 (3).

Subfamily Lymantriinae Hampson, 1893

Tribe Lymantriini Hampson, 1893

Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 23-27-VI-1986 (7), 28.VI-2.VII.1986 (1); 3-7.VII.1987 (1), 8-11.VII.1987 (1), 12-16.VII.1987 (9), 17-19.VII.1987 (6), 20-22.VII.1987 (7).

Tribe Nygmiini Holloway, 1999

Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Linnaeus, 1758)

5-7-VII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 26-28-VI-1985 (3).

Tribe Orgyiini Wallengren, 1861

Ocneria rubea (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 1-10-VI-1987 (1), 17-19-VII-1987 (3).

Subfamily Herminiinae Leach, 1815

Zanclognatha zelleralis (Wocke, 1850)

30-VII-1996 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007)

Subfamily Boletobiinae Guenée, 1858

Tribe Phytometrini Hampson, 1913

Colobochyla salicalis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 16-22-VI-1986 (1).

Tribe Eublemmini Forbes, 1954

Eublemma parva (Hübner, 1808)

New records: 23-27-VI-1986 (5).

Eublemma ostrina (Hübner, 1808)

New records: 29-31-VII-1986 (8).

Subfamily Arctiinae Leach, 1815

Tribe Arctiini Leach, 1815

Arctia villica (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 12-13-V-1985 (13), 16-17-V-1985 (20), 20-23-V-1985 (34), 25-26-V-1985 (2), 27-29-V-1985 (23), 30-31-V-1985 (6), 12-13-VI-1985 (4); 27-IV-2-V-1986 (4); 24-30-V-1987 (72), 3-4-VI-1987 (1).

Cymbalophora pudica (Esper, 1785)

17-19-IX-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 3-6-IX-1985 (1), 17-21-IX-1985 (5).

Diaphora mendica (Clerck, 1759)

24-30-III-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Euplagia quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761)

New records: 29-31-VII-1986 (1).

Phragmatobia fuliginosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 13-15-VIII-1985 (1), 10-12-IX-1985 (3), 13-16-IX-1985 (7); 8-12-IX-1986 (17), 13-16-IX-1986 (3), 20-24-IX-1986 (2); 25-28-IX-1987 (4).

Spilosoma luteum (Hufnagel, 1766)

New records: 11-14-VII-1986 (3).Remark: in Apulia known only from Gargano area (ZANGHERI, 1956; PARENZAN, 1977).

Tribe Lithosiini Billberg, 1820

Eilema caniola (Hübner, 1808)

11-17-X-1987 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 30-31-V-1985 (13), 3-6-IX-1985 (4), 17-21-IX-1985 (3); 6-10-VI-1986 (8), 14-15-VI-1986 (6) 23-27-VI-1986 (12), 11-14-VII-1986 (8), 22-25-VIII-1986 (4), 8-12-IX-1986 (11), 13-16-IX-1986 (8), 1-5-X-1986 (3); 24-30-V-1987 (4), 22-25-VI-1987 (9), 3-7-VII-1987 (5), 12-16-VII-1987(3), 17-19-VII-1987 (4), 20-22-VII-1987 (3), 25-28-IX-1987 (5).

Lithosia quadra (Linnaeus, 1758)

New records: 19-21-VII-1985 (4).

Tribe Syntomini Herrich Schaffer, 1846

Dysauxes famula (Freyer, 1836)

New records: 21-22-VI-1985 (1), 10-12-VIII-1985 (2), 13-15-VIII-1985 (9); 16-22-VI-1986 (1),22-25-VIII-1986 (32).

Dysauxes punctata (Fabricius, 1781)

20-IX-1995 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Subfamily Erebinae Leach, 1815

Tribe Catocalini Boisduval, 1828

Catocala conversa (Esper, 1787)

22-24-VII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).

Catocala nymphagoga (Esper, 1787)

5-7-VII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 21-22-VI-1985 (1), 26-28-VI-1985 (2), 6-9-VIII-1985 (1); 16-22-VI-1986 (3), 23-27-VI-1986 (2), 23-25-IX-1986 (5); 1-10-VI-1987 (1), 3-7-VII-1987 (1), 12-16-VII-1987 (4), 17-19-VII-1987 (5), 20-22-VII-1987 (1).

Tribe Ophiusini Guenée, 1837

Dysgonia algira (Linnaeus, 1767)

18-VI-1985; 5-7-VII-1986 (PARENZAN & PORCELLI, 2007).New records: 2-4-VII-1985 (1), 26-29-VII-1985 (4), 6-9-VIII-1985 (3), 10-12-VIII-1985 (1), 17-21-IX-1985 (1); 6-10-VI-1986 (4), 29-31-VII-1986 (4), 22-25-VIII-1986 (4), 23-25-IX-1986 (2); 22-25-VI-1987 (1), 3-7-VII-1987 (1), 8-11-VII-1987 (1), 12-16-VII-1987 (4), 17-19-VII-1987 (3).

Grammodes stolida (Fabricius, 1775)

New records: 21-22-VI-1985 (2), 26-28-VI-1985 (1), 3-6-IX-1985 (1), 7-9-IX-1985 (1); 28-VI-2-VII-1986 (1); 1-10-VI-1987 (1), 12-16-VII-1987 (1), 17-19-VII-1987 (5), 20-22-VII-1987 (6).

Minucia lunaris (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

New records: 25-26-V-1985 (2); 27-IV-02-V-1986 (1).

Concluding considerations

Based on current knowledge, about 695 species of macroheterocera are currently known in the Apulia region, belonging to 17 families, of the total of about 1996 species reported in Italy.

Overall, our lepidopterological surveys lead to 207 the number of macromoths currently known for the “Bosco Palazzi” area. It is interesting to note that on the total of the collected species in this locality, 100 (48,30 %) are those with larvae that feed on trees of the genus Quercus.

Among the most significant species found in this site, Hemaris fuciformis (Sphingidae), Idaea consolidata (Geometridae), Atethmia ambusta, and Caradrina germainii (Noctuidae) are sporadically found in southern Italy. Moreover, the geometrid Cyclophora quercimontaria (Bastelberger, 1897) is reported for the first time from Apulia region and in southern Italy. Among the reported species, twelve are known for the Apulia region only from Bosco Palazzi area, and others six only in one other locality.

The great natural importance of the Bosco Palazzi area is due to the presence of the Macedonian Oak, a species with an eastern origin (TRIGGIANI, 1984-85). The richness of lepidopteran species recorded should be considered a priority for the protection of this area and other fragments of woods with Quercus trojana in Apulia and Basilicata regions in southern Italy. The known biology of the moth species reported in the present study should help to develop future plans for the conservation and management of the local and regional biodiversity.

Acknowledgement

We sincerely thank Prof. Oreste Triggiani (Bari, Italy) for providing us with the material that is the subject of this study.

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Author notes

*Autor para la correspondencia / Corresponding author: salvatore.bella@crea.gov.it