New and interesting Portuguese Lepidoptera records from 2018 (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

14 species are added to the Portuguese Lepidoptera fauna and three species deleted, mainly as a result of fieldwork undertaken by the authors and others in 2018. In addition, second and third records for the country, new province records and new food-plant data for a number of species are included. A summary of recent papers affecting the Portuguese fauna is included.


Introduction
This paper is the thirteenth in the series of annual summaries of new knowledge of Portuguese Lepidoptera. It gives records of species of Lepidoptera added to the Portuguese fauna in 2018, together with new province records not included in the checklist (CORLEY, 2015). Additional data includes new data on larval food-plants within the country and second and third records of species for the country, which are only indicated when they are not in new provinces. Papers published in 2018 and part of 2019 that relate to the Portuguese Lepidoptera fauna are listed and briefly summarised. Finally an Appendix lists the new species for Portugal separately, with numbers indicating their position in the checklist; new genera for Portugal have author and year of publication given.
14 species new for Portugal are listed below, of which 2 are new for the Iberian Peninsula. Three species are removed from the Portuguese list. A few of the new species listed here have been previously listed for Portugal, but the records were rejected in CORLEY (2015), as being erroneous or unsubstantiated.
In CORLEY et al. (2018) the number of Lepidoptera species recognised from Portugal was 2689. With the current paper and other papers mentioned herein, this total has risen to 2709.

Material and Methods
Most species were captured at light in traps of various kinds, or over or beside a white sheet. For specimens not taken at light, the means of capture is given. Specimens are retained in the collections of the original recorders, unless otherwise stated. However, a few records are based only on photographic evidence.
The order and nomenclature of families and species has been revised in accordance with the new Portuguese list (CORLEY, 2015). The nomenclature of plant names follows the EURO+MED PLANT-BASE where possible.
The entry for species new for Portugal concludes with a summary of the known European distribution, and available information on the larval food-plant, given in square brackets if the information comes from outside Portugal. but the form chrysocephala of C. cribraria is raised to species. C. chrysocephala (Hübner, 1804) is widespread in the south of Portugal and known from Algarve and Baixo Alentejo (Corley, unpublished records). C. chrysocephala was not mentioned for Portugal in any published works. It has not been recorded separately from C. cribraria, so the precise distributions of the two species need revision. MÜLLER et al. (2019) include the description of Afriberina salemae Skou & Sihvonen, sp. n., closely related to A. tenietaria. Earlier records of Afriberina Wehrli, 1947 from central and western parts of Algarve (under the names of A. terraria (Bang-Haas, 1907) or A. tenietaria (Staudinger, 1900 belong to the new species, but not all localities are mentioned under its description. Additional records are given in the current paper. Afriberina records from eastern Baixo Alentejo belong to A. tenietaria. Other changes are listed here, including some relating to earlier volumes of Geometrid Moths of Europe which are given in an updated checklist of European Geometridae in volume 6, resulting in changes to the Portuguese list.

Localities with UTM squares and altitude: (District in brackets)
Isturgia pulinda deerraria (Walker, 1861) is raised to species rank.
There are also extensive changes to the order of subfamilies and genera used in CORLEY (2015), particularly in the subfamily Ennominae. These changes are not followed here because many of the placements are tentative and therefore subject to further change.

Appendix: Changes to the Portuguese fauna list
Species added to the Portuguese fauna listed in this and other papers are summarised here, each with a number indicating their placement in the checklist (CORLEY, 2015). New genera for the Portuguese fauna show the author and year of publication of the genus.
Name changes due to changes at genus level or to new synonymy are given, with each species retaining its list number. In a case where a new name is provided for a previously misidentified species, the new species retains the number of the misidentified species. Thus Agonopterix olusatri  replaces Agonopterix chironiella (Constant, 1893), which is the subject of a longstanding misidentification, but the species retains the number 0455 in the checklist.