Introduction

The Lepidoptera of the Russian part of Caucasus are studied fragmentary. With a relatively good study of the western part of the Caucasus (the Black Sea), the Central and Eastern Caucasus are very poorly studied. The information on the Republics of North Ossetia, Ingushetia, Chechnya is very fragmentary. A little better is the situation on the Lepidoptera fauna in the Republic of Dagestan, but it is still impossible to say that it has been studied sufficiently. In the Catalog of Lepidoptera of Russia (ANIKIN et al., 2019), the Caucasus was divided into two sub-regions: the West Caucasian region (region No. 13), including the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, the Republic of Adygea, KabardinoBalkaria, Karachay-Cherkesskaya, North Ossetia-Alania, Ingushetia and the East Caucasian region (region # 14), including the Chechen Republic and the Republic of Dagestan. For the West Caucasian region, 2811 species of Lepidoptera are given, and for the East Caucasian region - 2112 species.

The format of this work does not provide the inclusion of a full essay on the history of the study of Lepidoptera in Dagestan; therefore, we will focus only on the main publications.

The fauna of Lepidoptera in the East Caucasian region is the best studied in the Republic of Dagestan (Figs 1-2). Traditionally, the best studied are Papilionoidea. A near-exhaustive essay on the history of study on Papilionoidea of Dagestan with a full bibliography is given on the website Butterflies of Caucasus (TIKHONOV et al., 2021). Detailed data on the faunistics of Papilionoidea in Dagestan are provided on this website and in recent publications (ILYINA & MORGUN, 2010, 2011; TSHIKOLOVETS & NEKRUTENKO, 2012).

Figures 1-6.–
1. Dagestan Republic on the map. 2. Map of the collecting localities. 3. Sarykum Barkhan, September 2020 (photo by R. Yakovlev). 4. Samur forest, September 2020 (photo by R. Yakovlev). 5. Sirtych, September 2020 (photo by R. Yakovlev). 6. Novokayakent, September 2020 (photo by R. Yakovlev).

The study of moths, first of all, can be associated with the activity of the outstanding Russian entomologist M. A. Ryabov, who lived in Makhachkala from 1924 to 1925 and from 1933 to 1952. Although he did not publish a large number of works, he collected significant materials in various parts of Dagestan. Additionally, A. K. Zagulyaev collected a lot of specimens, mostly Microlepidoptera, in the vicinity of the village Kurush (1990).

In recent years, large materials have been collected in Dagestan by the entomologists V. Tikhonov (Pyatigorsk), E. Ilyina (Makhachkala), V. Kovtunovich and D. Morgun (Moscow), etc. The information obtained by these researchers has been published in a large number of different taxonomic and faunistic summaries on different groups of Lepidoptera (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2002, 2003; KOVTUNOVICH, 2006; ILYINA et al., 2012; YAKOVLEV et al., 2015; LEILEI, 2016; SINEV, 2019; DUBATOLOV et al., 2021).

Material and methods

COLLECTING LOCALITIES

1. 1. Russia, Dagestan Rep., Dagestan Reserve, Kumtor-Kale Station, Sary-Kum dune, 43º 00’ 14” N / 47º 14’ 1” E, 60 m, 21-22-IX-2020 and 30-IX-2020, P. Ya. Ustjuzhanin & R.V. Yakovlev leg. (locality 1, Fig. 3).

1. 2. Russia, Dagestan Rep., Dagestan Reserve, Magaramkent distr., Samur Forest, 41º 52’ 0” N / 48º 33’ 23” E, - 20 m, 23-24-IX-2020, P. Ya. Ustjuzhanin & R. V. Yakovlev leg.(locality 2, Fig. 4).

1. 3. Russia, Dagestan Rep., Tabasaran distr., 5 km W Sirtych vill., 41º 48’ 6” N / 48º 10’ 31” E, 200 m, 25-IX-2020 , P. Ya. Ustjuzhanin & R.V. Yakovlev leg. (locality 3, Fig. 5).

1. 4. Russia, Dagestan Rep., 12 km SE Novokayakent, 42º 20’ 21” N / 48º 4’ 9” E, -10 m, 26-28-IX2020, P. Ya. Ustjuzhanin & R.V. Yakovlev leg. (locality 4, Fig. 6).

HABITATS DESCRIPTIONS

Locality 1. Sarykum

The highest (about 250 m above sea level) central portion of the eolian-accumulative complex “Sarykum”, divided by the Shura-Ozen river into two unequal halves - the left bank Big (Western) and the right bank Small (Eastern) Sarykums - is occupied with blown sands. In geomorphological terms, they represent a system of dunes with a south-west-north-east orientation, with length from 300-400 m to 1200 m (IDRISOV, 2010; GUSAROV, 2015). This system of dune-ridge sands is surrounded by a complex of semi-fixed hilly-cellular sands, which, in turn, smoothly turn into flat surfaces.

The vascular plants flora of Sarykum according to ADZHIEVA (2015) includes 438 species belonging to 279 genera and 74 families.

In botanical terms, it is of interest to find a number of psammophilic species in the flora of Sarykum (Astragalus lehmannianus Bunge, A. karakugensis Bunge, Eremosparton aphyllum (Pall.) Fisch. et C. A. Mey. (Fabaceae), Calligonum aphyllum (Pall.) Gurke. (Polygonaceae), the main part of the range of which is confined to the Central Asian deserts (MAIOROV, 1928; ABACHEV, 1995; ADZHIEVA, 2007).

In the crest of the dunes, where the sandy substrate is in constant motion, there are no plants. In areas with less mobile sands, along with the Central Asian species mentioned above, shrubs are observed: Artemisia procera Willd., A. tschernieviana Bess., Senecio schischkinianus Sof. (Asteraceae), Corispermum aralo-caspicum Iljin (Amaranthaceae), Leymus racemosus (Lam.) Tzvelev. (Poaceae).

Down the slope, where the eolian activity of sand is significantly reduced, along with an increase in the species diversity, the projective cover also increases. On slopes of different exposure and steepness, various associations of semi-desert and dry-steppe vegetation can be found.

The natural picture of vegetation is disturbed by artificial planting of trees and shrubs (Sophora japonica L., Amorpha fruticosa L., Gleditschia triacanthos L., Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabaceae), Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae), Armeniaca vulgaris L., and Morus nigra Lam. (Rosaceae) along the railway, protecting it from sand drifts.

Locality 2. Samur Forest

In the Samur delta ecosystem, we observe a complex combination of plant communities, in terms of the area they are dominated by forests of temperate subtropical appearance, with a characteristic abundance of lianas: Vitis sylvestris S.G. Gmel. (Vitaceae), Smilax excelsa L. (Smilicaceae), Hedera pastuchowii Woronow (Araliaceae), Periploca graeca L. (Apocynaceae), Lonicera caprifolium L. (Caprifoliaceae), Clematis vitalba L. (Ranunculaceae), etc. Samur forests are a complex of trees of Populus L. (Salicaceae), Quercus L. (Fagaceae), Alnus Mill. and Caprinus L. (Betulaceae), previously covering almost the entire area of the delta with a continuous massif. Currently, large areas are occupied by artificial plantations of Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae), Robinia L. and Gleditsia J. Clayton (Fabaceae), and Pinus L. (Pinaceae). The associated tree species include Fraxinus excelsior (Oleaceae), three species of maple (Acer campestre L., A. platanoides L., A. laetum C.A. Mey.) (Sapindaceae), several species of the genus Salix L. (Salicaceae), Pyrus caucasica Browicz (Rosaceae), Tilia begoniifolia Steven (Malvaceae), etc.

The common species of the underbrush are: Crataegus Tourn. ex L., Mespilus germanica L. (Rosaceae), Corylus avellana L. (Betulaceae), Euonymus verrucosa Scop. (Celastraceae), Swida australis (C.A. Mey.) Pojark. ex Grossh. (Cornaceae), Viburnum opulus L. (Adoxaceae), Frangula alnus Mill. (Rhamnaceae), etc. (Rhamnaceae), etc.

In open spaces, there are areas with cereal-wormwood vegetation. On the coastal sands, sparse psammophytic plant complexes are found. Meadow vegetation occurs in the form of disseminations in the forest areas and is confined mainly to the coastal strip of branches. Along the coast of the sea, in shallow lagoon waters and in artificial reservoirs, meadow-bog vegetation has formed with the predominance of Phragmites (Poaceae), Thypha (Thyphaceae), and Carex (Cyperaceae).

The most striking characteristic feature of the Samur delta forests is the continuous and very dynamic successional processes that support the existence of various forest communities, with regular changes from one forest type to another (NOVIKOVA & POLYANSKAYA, 1994). The spatio-temporal changes in moisture supply conditions caused by seasonal floods, fluctuations in the water content of branches and the restructuring of the main watercourses in the delta are the direct cause of changes in the plant complexes accompanying the evolutionary development of the deltaic landscapes.

Locality 3. Sirtych

It is dominated by wormwood-saltwort semi-shrub and small-shrub communities, the species composition of which varies depending on the exposure and steepness of the slope. The main factor determining the species diversity is the degree and nature of soil salinization.

The projective cover ranges from 20 to 70%. We have noted Artemisia L. (Asteraceae) with Halothamnus glaucus (M. Bieb.) Botsch., Climacoptera crassa M. Bieb.) Botsch., Salsola soda L., S. ericoides M. Bieb., Kalidium foliatum (Pall.) Moq., Petrosimonia oppositifolia (Pall.) Litv. (Amaranthaceae).

Locality 4. Novokayakent

The natural landscape in the area of Lake Adzhi-Papas is formed by a massif of poorly fixed shallow sands with sandy loam and clay loamy takyr-like depressions. About 50-55% of this area is occupied by arable lands.

Of the natural vegetation, predominantly semi-desert areas (mostly with excessive soil salinity) and fragmented tree and shrub vegetation have been preserved here. Festuca valesiaca Gaudin, Poa bulbosa L., Bromus squarrosus L., Elytrigia trichophora (Link) Nevski, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. (Poaceae), Artemisia austriaca Jacq., A. monogyna Waldst. et Kit., and A. lercheana Weber ex Stechm. (Asteraceae) are characteristic of the area. On highly saline soils, halophilic species prevail, such as Salsola dendroides Pall., S. laricina Pall., Kochia prostrata (S.G.Gmel.) Borb., Suaeda physophora Pall., Halimione verrucifera (Bieb.) Aell., Camphorosma lessingii Litv., Petrosimonia brachiata (Pall.) Bunge (Amaranthaceae), Limonium meyeri (Boiss.) O. Kuntze (Limoniaceae), Puccinellia gigantea (Grossh.) Grossh. (Poaceae), and Tamarix amosissima Ledeb. (Tamaricaceae). The sandy massifs and the coastal strip are characterized by psammophytic and littoral vegetation of Convolvulus persicus L. (Convolvulaceae), Cakile euxina Pobed. (Brassicaceae), Argusia sibirica (L.) Dandy (Boraginaceae), Artemisia procera Willd. (Asteraceae), Anisantha tectorum (L.) Nevski, Leymus racemosus (Lam.) Tzvelev (Poaceae) and others, among which there are shrubs of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae). In some places, as a result of overgrazing, sibljak thickets are formed from species of Crataegus (Rosaceae) with participation of Paliurus spina-christi Mill. and Rhamnus pallasii Fisch. et C.A. Mey. (Rhamnaceae).

Collecting methods

1. 1. Collecting with butterfly net at different times of the day and night.
2. 2. Collecting at light (we used autonomous LED light traps and a DRV-250W lamp). Determination and nomenclature In the presented list of species, the genus names are placed as in the second edition of the “Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Russia” (ANIKIN et al., 2019). All definitions are made from the genital structures of the species according to the standard method (ROBINSON, 1976).

Results

SPECIES LIST

(* new for Eastern Caucasus; ** new for Russia; + - collecting in the locality; - - not collecting in the locality)

Notes about new records

Perygra glaucicolella (Wood, 1892)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan (ANIKIN & SHCHUROV, 2001, 2004), but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN et al., 2019) and the Caucasus (BUDASHKIN et al., 2015; BALDIZZONE, 2016).

Ecebalia halophilella (Zimmermann, 1926)

Previously, the species was not recorded for Dagestan and other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN & SHCHUROV, 2001, 2004; ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Ecebalia linosyris (E. Hering, 1937)

Previously, the species was not recorded for Dagestan and other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN & SHCHUROV, 2001, 2004; ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Casignetella texanella (Chambers, 1878)

The species is first noted for the fauna of the Russian Federation. The species is known from Southern Europe, the larvae feeds on Portulaca oleracea L. (Portulacacae), develops in 2 generations (BALDIZZONE & NEL, 2009).

Ionescumia clypeiferella (O. Hofmann, 1871)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan (ANIKIN & SHCHUROV, 2001, 2004), but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN et al., 2019) and the Caucasus (BUDASHKIN et al., 2015; BALDIZZONE, 2016).

Carpochena trientella (Christpoh, 1872)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan (ANIKIN & SHCHUROV, 2001, 2004), but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Ethmia candidella (Alpheraky, 1908)

Previously, the species was not recorded for Dagestan and the other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Tebenna micalis (Mann, 1857)

Previously, the species was not recorded for Dagestan and the other republics of the Northern Caucasus. Reported for Russia only from Crimea (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Stenoptilia zophodactyla (Duponchel, 1838)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus and the Crimea (KOVTUNOVICH, 2006; ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Stenoptilodes taprobanes (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)

Previously, the species was not recorded for Dagestan and the other republics of the Northern Caucasus. Reported for Russia only from Crimea (KOVTUNOVICH, 2006; ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Crombrugghia laetus (Zeller, 1847)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus and the Crimea (KOVTUNOVICH, 2006; ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Glyptoteles leucacrinella Zeller, 1848

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016), but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus and is widespread in the forest zone of Eurasia (ANIKIN et al., 2019; SLAMKA, 2019).

Cadra calidella (Guenée, 1845)

The species was not previously recorded in Dagestan (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016), in Russia it was found in the Volga region and in the Southern Urals (ANIKIN et al., 2019), outside Russia it is distributed in Europe and North Africa, Central Asia and the Canary Islands (LERAUT, 2014).

Agriphila selasella (Hübner, [1813])

The species was not previously recorded in Dagestan (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016), in Russia it is widespread in the European part and in the south of Western Siberia (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Agriphila cyrenaicellus (Ragonot, 1887) (Figs 7-8)

First recorded for the fauna of the Russian Federation. The species is known from Southern Europe, North Africa, Transcaucasia, Turkey, Israel, Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Central Asia (SLAMKA, 2008).

Agriphila tolli (Bleszynski, 1952)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan and East Caucasian region but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus and Crimea (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Agriphila poliellus (Treitschke, 1832)

The species was not previously recorded in Dagestan (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016), in Russia it is widespread in the European part and in the south Siberia up to Tuva (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Pediasia contaminella (Hübner, 1796)

The species was not previously recorded in Dagestan (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016), in Russia it is widespread in the European part and in the south of Western Siberia (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Pediasia fascelinella (Hübner, [1813])

The species was not previously recorded in Dagestan (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016), in Russia it is widespread in the European part and in the south Siberia up to Tuva Republic (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Thyridiphora furia (Swinhoe, 1884) (Figs 9-10)

First recorded for the fauna of the Russian Federation. The species is known from Greece, Transcaucasia, Turkey, Africa, Syria, India, Pakistan and Central Asia (SLAMKA, 2008).

Uresiphita gilvata (Fabricius, 1794)

In Dagestan, the species was not previously recorded (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016); in Russia, it is found in the center of the European part, in the Volga region and the Southern Urals, in the Crimea and the Far East (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Haritalodes derogata (Fabricius, 1775) (Figs 11-12)

First recorded for the fauna of the Russian Federation. The species is known from the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (SLAMKA, 2008); there are indications of a find in Holland. Another species of this genus, Haritalodes basipunctalis (Bremer, 1864), is widespread in the Russian Far East (ANIKIN et al., 2016). Differences between species of the genus Haritalodes Warren, 1890 are well shown in the article by YAMANAKA (2008).

Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel, 1833)

Previously, in Dagestan and in the North Caucasus as a whole, the species was not recorded. Recorded for Russia only from Crimea (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Watsonalla binaria (Hufnagel, 1767)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Idaea degeneraria erschoffi (Christoph, 1872)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan and East Caucasian region but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Scopula nigropunctata (Hufnagel, 1767)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan and East Caucasian region but is known from other republics of the Northern Caucasus (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Scopula minorata (Boisduval, 1833)

The species is first noted for the fauna of the Russian Federation. The species is known from Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and southern Europe (HAUSMANN, 2004).

Rhodometra sacraria (Linnaeus, 1767)

The species was not previously recorded for Dagestan and East Caucasian region but is known from Crimea and Lower Volga region (ANIKIN et al., 2019).

Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Reported for Dagestan (Miatli (October 2020, 43.074755º N / 46.834346º E, Kizilyurt District) only in 2021 (MORGUN & ILYINA, 2021). Found by us in September 2020 (about 10 males, one of which was caught) in the vicinity of sand-dune Sarykum.

Sympistis nigricula (Eversmann, 1847)

Very rare species in Daghestan. Our record is third (POLTAVSKY et al., 2007).

Mormo maura (Linnaeus, 1758)

Very rare species in Daghestan. Our record is third (POLTAVSKY & ILYINA, 2016).

Agrotis villosus Alphéraky, 1887

Very rare species in Daghestan. Our record is third (POLTAVSKY et al., 2007).

Acknowledgments

We thank G. S. Dzhamirzoev, M.-R. D. Magomedov, K. M. Kuniev, E. Ilyina, O. V. Kravets (all from Makhachkala, Russia), D. Morgun (Moscow, Russia), Z. M. Asadulaev (Gunib, Russia) for organizing and undertaking an expedition to Dagestan, in which the material treated in this paper was collected; V. M. Spitsyn (Arkhangelsk), D. V. Shovkoon (Buzuluk, Russia), and S. V. Vasilenko (Novosibirsk, Russia) for help with determination of Acrtiinae, Ethmiidae and Geometridae. The English of the final draft was edited by Anna Ustjuzhanina (Tomsk, Russia).

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ABACHEV, K. YU., 1995.– Flora and vegetation of the Sarykum dune and their protection: 45 pp. Makhachkala. (in Russian).

ADZHIEVA, A. I., 2007.– Some results of the study of the vegetation cover of the dune Sarykum (Dagestan).– Tribune of Dagestan State University, 2007(4): 44-47. (in Russian).

ADZHIEVA, A. I., 2015.– Abstract of the flora of vascular plants of the Sarykum massif (Dagestan).– Botanical Journal, 100(12): 1298-1310. (in Russian).

ANIKIN, V. V., BARYSHNIKOVA, S. V., BELYAEV, E. A., DUBATOLOV, V. V., EFETOV K. A., ZOLOTUKHIN, V. V., KOVTUNOVICH, V. N., KOZLOV, M. V., KONONENKO, V. S., LVOVSKY, A. L., NEDOSHIVINA, S. V., PONOMARENKO, M. G., SINEV, S. YU., STRELTZOV, A. N., USTJUZHANIN, P. YA., CHISTYAKOV, YU. A. & YAKOVLEV, R. V., 2016.– Annotated catalogue of the insects of Russian Far East. Volume II. Lepidoptera: 812 pp. Vladivostok. (in Russian).

ANIKIN, V. V., BARYSHNIKOVA, S. V., BELJAEV, E. A., BUDASHKIN, YU. I., VAN NIEUKERKEN, E. J., GORBUNOV, O. G., DUBATOLOV, V. V., EFETOV, K. A., ZOLOTUHIN, V. V., KNYAZEV, S. A., KOVTUNOVICH, V. N., KOZLOV, M. V., KONONENKO, V. S., LOVTSOVA, JU. A., LUKHTANOV, V. A., LVOVSKY, A. L., MATOV, A. YU., MIRONOV, V. G., NEDOSHIVINA, S. V., PONOMARENKO, M. G., SVIRIDOV, A. V., SINEV, S. YU., SOLOVJEV, A. V., STRELTZOV, A. N., TROFIMOVA, T. A., USTJUZHANIN, P. YA., SHOVKOON, D. F. & YAKOVLEV, R. V., 2019.– Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Russia: 448 pp. St. Petersburg.

ANIKIN, V. V. & SHCHUROV, V. I., 2001.– Casebearers from Caucasus (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae).– Zoosystematica Rossica, 10: 171-179.

ANIKIN, V. V. & SHCHUROV, V. I., 2004.– To the Casebearers fauna (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) of the North Caucasus with description natural landscapes.– Proceedings of III International Conference: Biodiversity of Caucasus, 1: 68-76.

BALDIZZONE, G., 2016.– The Coleophoridae of Armenia collected by Ole Karsholt in 2011. Contributions to the knowledge of the Coleophoridae CXXXI (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae).– SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología, 44(173): 129-144.

BALDIZZONE, G. & NEL, J., 2009.– On the biology of Coleophora coxi Baldizzone & van der Wolf, 2007 (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae).– SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología, 37(148): 515-518.

BUDASHKIN, YU. I., RICHTER, I. & TABELL, J., 2015.– A new finds of the casebearer moths (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) in Russia and Armenia.– Eversmannia, 41: 11-22.

DUBATOLOV, V. V., POLTAVSKY, A. N. & ILYINA, E. V., 2021.– Lithosiini and Arctiini of Daghestan (NE Caucasus) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae).– SHILAP Revista de lepidopterologia, 49(193): 129-148.

GUSAROV, A. V., 2015.– Aeolian-accumulative complex “Sarykum” as a unique geomorphological object of Russia: history of study, hypotheses of origin.– Geomorphology, 2015(2): 54-71. (in Russian).

HAUSMANN, A., 2004.– The Geometrid Moths of Europe, 2: 600 pp. Apollo Books. Stenstrup.

IDRISOV, I. A., 2010.– On the history of the formation and development of the sandy massif Sarykum.– Proceedings of the Reserve “Dagestanskyi”, 3: 19-27. (in Russian).

ILYINA, E. V., POLTAVSKY, A. N., MATOV, A. YU. & GASANOVA, N. M.-S., 2012.– Catalogue of Owlet-Moths (Lepidoptera: Nolidae, Erebidae, Noctuidae) of Dagestan: 192 pp. Makhachkala. (in Russian).

ILYINA, E. V. & MORGUN, D. V., 2010.– Ecological and faunistic review of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea et Papilionoidea) of Daghestan: Part 1.– Entomological Review, 90(9): 1167-1191.

ILYINA, E. V. & MORGUN, D. V., 2011.– Ecological and faunistic review of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Hesperioidea et Papilionoidea) of Daghestan: Part 2.– Entomological Review, 91(4): 450-466.

KOVTUNOVICH, V. N., 2006.– Materials on the fauna of Plume Moths (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae) of Dagestan.– Scientists notes of BGPU, Biology, 23: 70-85. (in Russian).

LELEI, A. S., 2016 (ed.).– Annotated catalogue of the insects of Russian Far East. Lepidoptera, 2: 812 pp. Dalnauka, Vladivostok. (in Russian).

LERAUT, P., 2014.– Moths of Europe, Pyralids 2, 4: 441 pp. N. A. P. Editions, Verrières-le-Buisson.

MAIOROV, A. A., 1928.– Aeolian desert at the foot of Dagestan: 116 pp. Makhachkala. (in Russian).

MORGUN, D. V. & ILYINA, E. V., 2021.– The first record of Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) in Russia in the context of the contemporary distribution of this species in the Western Palaearctic.– Caucasian Entomological Bulletin, 17(1): 115-119. DOI: 10.23885/181433262021171-115119.

NOVIKOVA, N. M. & POLYANSKAYA, A. V., 1994.– Samur Liana Forests: the Problem of Biodiversity Conservation in a Developing Water Economy: 106 pp. Moscow. (in Russian).

POLTAVSKY, A. N. & ILYINA, E. V., 2002.– The Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) of the Daghestan Republic (Russia).– Phegea, 30(1): 11-36.

POLTAVSKY, A. N. & ILYINA, E. V., 2003.– The Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) of the Daghestan Republic (Russia). II.– Phegea, 31(4): 167-181.

POLTAVSKY, A. N. & ILYINA, E. V., 2016.– Materials to the Snout-Moths Fauna (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) of Dagestan Republic.– Tribune of Dagestan State Pedagogical University, 1: 53-59. (in Russian).

POLTAVSKY, A. N., ILYINA, E. V. & MATOV, A. Y., 2007.– Owlets (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Dagestan.– Trudy˘ Yuzhnogo Nauchnogo Tsentra Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk, 3: 164-226. (in Russian).

ROBINSON, G., 1976.– The preparation of slides of Lepidoptera genitalia with special reference to the Microlepidoptera.– Entomologist’s Gazette, 27: 127-132.

SINEV, S. YU., 2019 (ed.).– Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Russia: 448 pp. Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg.

SLAMKA, F., 2008.– Pyraloidea of Europe (Lepidoptera). Crambinae & Schoenobiinae. Identification, distribution, habitat, biologie, 2: 224 pp. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava.

SLAMKA, F., 2013.– Pyraloidea of Europe (Lepidoptera). Pyraustinae & Spilomelinae. Identification, distribution, habitat, biologie, 3: 357 pp. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava.

SLAMKA, F., 2019.– Pyraloidea of Europe (Lepidoptera). Phycitinae. Part 1. Identification, distribution, habitat, biologie, 4: 432 pp. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava.

TIKHONOV, V. V., STRADOMSKYI, B. V., KUZNETSOV, G. V. & ANDREEV, S. A., 2021.– Butterflies of Caucasus and South of Russia: (Available from http://www.babochki-kavkaza.ru).

TSHIKOLOVETS, V. V. & NEKRUTENKO, Y., 2012.– The Butterflies of Caucasus and Transcaucasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russian Federation): 424 pp. Kyev.

YAKOVLEV, R. V., POLTAVSKY, A. N., ILYINA, E. V., SHCHUROV, V. I. & WITT, T. J., 2015.– Cossidae (Lepidoptera) of the Russian Caucasus with the description of a new species.– Zootaxa, 4044(2): 270-288.

YAMANAKA, H., 2008.– Revisional study of some species of the genus Haritalodes Warren (Pyralidae, Pyraustinae) from eastern Palaearctic and Oriental region.– Tinea, 20(4): 243-252.

Notas de autor

Autor para la correspondencia / Corresponding author yakovlev_asu@mail.ru